T-28
SDSMT T-28

Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform that measure atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed and direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.

An Electric Field Mill (EFM) is a ground-based and airborne electric field sensor developed at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). It measures all vector components of the atmospheric electric field and provides information about the electrical structure inside and around storms. EFMs can detect both intracloud and cloud-to-ground lightning and operate in large thunderstorm fields (thousands of volts per meter). An EFM typically has a response time of about 10 Hz.

Rosemount Pressure Probes are in situ airborne pressure sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide high-precision atmospheric pressure measurements and are typically used to collect flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Pressure Probes include various pressure transducers, gauges, and multivariable and coplanar transmitters.

Accelerometers are in situ sensors that measure the acceleration experienced by an object. They use electromagnetic sensing to detect the object's vibration. The vibration exerts a force on the sensor, producing an electrical charge that indicates the magnitude of the force and can be used to determine the acceleration. Accelerometers are typically used on aircraft to collect flight navigation information. They have also been deployed on research vessels and other water-based platforms, such as buoys.

Rosemount Temperature Probes are in situ airborne temperature sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide atmospheric temperature measurements and are typically used to collect flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Temperature Probes consist of temperature transmitters, thermocouple sensors, resistance temperature detectors, and other temperature sensors.

Generic-Microphysics Probes (Gen-Microphysics) are non-specific cloud probes on a platform used to measure cloud microphysics. These are typically in situ probes that measure the physical properties of clouds. These measurements can include particle size distribution, droplet growth, cloud optical thickness, liquid water content, droplet concentration, and cloud condensation nuclei.

The High Volume Precipitation Spectrometer (HVPS) is an in situ airborne particle imager manufactured by SPEC Inc. It employs a 128-photodiode array to capture images of precipitation particles. These images help determine particle shape, size, and concentration. HVPS-3 has a pixel resolution of 150 μm and a maximum field of view of 1.92 cm.

The Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP) is an in situ airborne optical particle counter developed by Particle Measuring Systems, Inc. It measures particle size distribution by detecting the light intensity scattered by individual particles within a cloud. The FSSP detects particles ranging from 0.5 to 47 μm in diameter. It operates at a wavelength of 633 nm and typically samples at a rate of 1 Hz.

The 2D-C/P Hydrometeor Imaging Probe is an in situ, airborne instrument that captures images of hydrometeors. It records these images by detecting the illuminated or shadowed states of the photodiode array as the hydrometeors' shadows pass over it. The 2D-C/P also provides measurements of particle size distribution, cloud droplet concentration, and hydrometeor shape. Typically, 2D-C/P probes have an image resolution of 25 micrometers and can image hydrometeors with diameters up to 1600 micrometers.